UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): September 10, 2019
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (Commission File Number) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |||
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (302 ) 451-0200
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
ITEM 7.01 REGULATION FD DISCLOSURE.
SLM Corporation (the “Company”) frequently provides relevant information to its investors via posting to its corporate website. On or about September 10, 2019, a presentation entitled “Sallie Mae Investor Presentation — September 2019” was made available on the Company’s website at https://www.salliemae.com/investors/webcasts-and-presentations/. In addition, the document is being furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1.
ITEM 9.01 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS.
(d) Exhibits
Exhibit Number | Description | |
99.1* | ||
* | Furnished herewith. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
SLM CORPORATION | ||
Date: September 10, 2019 | By: | /s/ STEVEN J. MCGARRY |
Steven J. McGarry | ||
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||
Exhibit 99.1 Investor Presentation September 2019
Forward-Looking Statements and Disclaimer Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements The following information is current as of July 24, 2019 (unless otherwise noted) and should be read in connection with the press release of SLM Corporation (the “Company”) announcing its financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 (filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on July 24, 2019), and subsequent reports filed with the SEC. This Presentation contains “forward-looking” statements and information based on management’s current expectations as of the date of this Presentation. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about the Company’s beliefs, opinions or expectations and statements that assume or are dependent upon future events, are forward- looking statements. This includes, but is not limited to, the Company’s expectation and ability to pay a quarterly cash dividend on its common stock in the future, subject to the determination by the Company’s Board of Directors, and based on an evaluation of the Company’s earnings, financial condition and requirements, business conditions, capital allocation determinations, and other factors, risks and uncertainties, and also includes any estimates related to pending accounting standard changes and potential private student loan market growth. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from those reflected in such forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others, the risks and uncertainties set forth in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2018 (filed with the SEC on Feb. 28, 2019) and subsequent filings with the SEC; increases in financing costs; limits on liquidity; increases in costs associated with compliance with laws and regulations; failure to comply with consumer protection, banking and other laws; changes in accounting standards and the impact of related changes in significant accounting estimates, including any regarding the measurement of the Company’s allowance for loan losses and the related provision expense; any adverse outcomes in any significant litigation to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party; credit risk associated with the Company’s (or any subsidiary's) exposure to third parties, including counterparties to the Company’s (or any subsidiary's) derivative transactions; and changes in the terms of education loans and the educational credit marketplace (including changes resulting from new laws and the implementation of existing laws). The Company could also be affected by, among other things: changes in its funding costs and availability; reductions to its credit ratings; cybersecurity incidents, cyberattacks, and other failures or breaches of its operating systems or infrastructure, including those of third-party vendors; damage to its reputation; risks associated with restructuring initiatives, including failures to successfully implement cost-cutting programs and the adverse effects of such initiatives on the Company’s business; changes in the demand for educational financing or in financing preferences of lenders, educational institutions, students and their families; changes in law and regulations with respect to the student lending business and financial institutions generally; changes in banking rules and regulations, including increased capital requirements; increased competition from banks and other consumer lenders; the creditworthiness of customers; changes in the general interest rate environment, including the rate relationships among relevant money-market instruments and those of earning assets versus funding arrangements; rates of prepayments on the loans owned by the Company and its subsidiaries; changes in general economic conditions and the Company’s ability to successfully effectuate any acquisitions; and other strategic initiatives. The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements also requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions, including estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates or assumptions may prove to be incorrect. All forward-looking statements contained in this Presentation are qualified by these cautionary statements and are made only as of the date of this Presentation. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements to conform such statements to actual results or changes in its expectations. The Company reports financial results on a GAAP basis and also provides certain non-GAAP “Core Earnings” performance measures. The difference between the Company’s “Core Earnings” and GAAP results for the periods presented were the unrealized, mark-to-fair value gains/losses on derivative contracts (excluding current period accruals on the derivative instruments), net of tax. These are recognized in GAAP, but not in “Core Earnings” results. The Company provides “Core Earnings” measures because this is what management uses when making management decisions regarding the Company’s performance and the allocation of corporate resources. The Company’s “Core Earnings” are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. For additional information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations –’Core Earnings’” in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 for a further discussion and the “’Core Earnings’ to GAAP Reconciliation” table in this Presentation for a complete reconciliation between GAAP net income and “Core Earnings”. 2
Market leading brand, products and best-in-class service drive our success • 40 years of leadership in the education lending market • Top ranked brand • Industry leading 55% market share1 • Over 2,400 actively managed university relationships across the U.S. • Appear on 98% of preferred lender lists • Largest salesforce in the industry 3
Private Student Loan Industry • Private education loans represent Other 2% of the overall spend in higher $18 education annually • Total spend on higher education Federal Loans Private $94 Education Loans grows 2-3% annually primarily due Grants $11 to increases in cost of attendance $129 $441 Billion • Attainment of a four-year college Annually degree or more is up 11% between 2012 and 20172 Family Contribution $189 4
Higher Education Value Proposition 2 • The unemployment rate for individuals age 25-34 with four-year college degrees was 2.3%, compared to 5.8% for high school graduates4 • 59% of students graduated with student loans in AY 2016-20175 • Of the 59% of bachelor’s degree recipients who graduated with student loans, the average debt amount was $28,5005 5
Product suite tailored to meet the needs of undergraduate and graduate students • Smart Option Student Loan • Introduced in 2009 • Flexible repayment options while in school • Fixed and Variable rates • Differentiated products for undergraduates and graduate students 6
Product Overview Undergraduate Medical Law Parent Dental Health Professions MBA General Studies 7
Conservative underwriting has contributed to consistent credit performance • Proprietary Scorecard built with Experian Decision Analytics • Initial credit screen removes applicants with low FICO scores or prior derogatory trades on file • Manually review ~8% of applications • Through-the-cycle data was used to develop our conservative underwriting models. 8
Private Student Loan Originations6 $6,000 $5,700 7% $5,500 $5,315 11% $5,000 $4,666 3% $4,800 8% $4,500 $4,330 $4,000 $3,500 $3,000 $2,663 8% $2,500 $2,459 Originations ($MM) $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Actuals Forecast 9
High Quality, Predictable Credit Program8,9,10 Smart Option Cumulative Gross Defaults by P&I Repayment Vintage and Years Since First P&I Repayment Period 10% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 5.2% 4% Cumulative Defaults as a % of Cumulativea % as Defaults 3.6% 3% Disbursed Principal Entering P & P & I Repayment Entering Principal Disbursed 2.4% 2% 1% 0.8% 0% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Years Since First P&I Repayment Period 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 10
High Quality Portfolio Growth YTD as of 6/30/19: • 78% of Private Education Loans have FICO score at approval > 7007 • 52% of Private Education Loan Borrowers make payments while in school • 62% of Private Education Loans are variable-rate, 38% fixed-rate 11
Conservative funding optimizes net interest margin Secured Debt Retail 19% MMDA & CD 22% Brokered $11.8b Retail $9.4b Brokered Variable Secured Debt $4.7b Retail 18% H.S.A. & 529 15% Brokered Fixed 26% As of 6/30/19 12
High Quality Private Education Portfolio Customer FICO at Original Approval7 Smart Option Payment Type <700 Interest Only 22% 780+ 28% 21% Deferred 700 - 740 48% 27% 740 - 780 Fixed Pay 23% 31% Weighted Average FICO: 744 Smart Option Loans: $20.6 billion Portfolio by Originations Vintage Portfolio Interest Rate Type 2019 Pre 2012 5% 2% 2012 3% 2013 2014 6% 2018 10% 22% Fixed 2015 38% 15% Variable 2017 62% 2016 20% 17% Weighted Average Age of Loan: ~2.9 years As of 6/30/19 13
Potential Market Growth Market Growth Enrollment + Cost of Attendance = Potential Market Growth between 3% and 5% annually25 90% of families believe that college is an investment in the student's future26 84% of families wanted the student to attend college because they will earn more with a college degree26 Incremental Segment Growth Opportunities Graduate Partner Distance Learning International Parent Career Training 14
Private Lending Landscape The role of private lenders Provide the gap financing between the total cost of attendance (tuition, room and board, fees, books, supplies, and travel), and what is available to students in the form of grants, scholarships, family contributions and federal funding. Who will benefit from “Free College” proposals Means tested families and usually for in-state residents attending public institutions, like the New York Excelsior Program. Excelsior had minimal impact on Sallie Mae. Potential opportunities for private lenders Growing concerns about the size and scope of federal loan portfolio may lead to retraction of federal education lending footprint 40% of Federal Student Loan originations in AY 17/18 went to Graduate Students5 15
Our Perspective • There is ongoing discussion about higher education policy and financial aid. Sallie Mae supports policies that focus taxpayer assistance on those who couldn’t achieve higher education without it. • American families value higher education and career training as an investment in the student’s future and use a variety of funding sources to pay for it, including private students loans that provide last-dollar financing to make college happen. • More families choose Sallie Mae than all other private student lenders combined. As the market leader, we are well positioned to capture a significant portion of the 3-5% annual growth in private loan borrowing.25 16
Clear Capital Priorities Invest in High ROE Growth Continue to focus on high-quality Private Education Loan originations, including deeper penetration of the graduate school market Testing Personal Loan market Quarterly Offer credit cards to our high-quality customer Dividend base Invest in Share High ROE Repurchases Growth Quarterly Dividend Established a quarterly dividend on common stock in 2019 Increased Shareholder $0.03 per share dividend paid on 6/17/19 Return Share Repurchase Stock buyback authorization of $200 million $60 million of share authorization was repurchased in Q2 2019 17
CECL Update24 • The Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) Current Expected Credit Loss impairment standard will require “life of loan” estimates of losses to be recorded at origination and will become effective for us on January 1, 2020. • There will be an initial build of the loan loss allowance that will be booked through retained earnings on a tax-adjusted basis. If we had adopted the standard at June 30, 2019: • Estimated additional Private Student Loan Allowance would have been between $0.9B - $1.1B, bringing the total reserve to approximately $1.3B or 6% of ending total Private Student Loan balances at June 30, 2019. • Estimated additional Personal Loan Allowance would have been between $0.05B - $0.1B, bringing the total reserve to approximately $150MM or 13% of ending total Personal Loan balances at June 30, 2019. • Estimated reduction to Total Equity would have been between $0.7B - $0.9B at June 30, 2019. • Estimated Deferred Tax Asset impact would have been between $0.2B - $0.3B at June 30, 2019. • After the initial build, additional reserves will be recorded as loans are originated. The reserve build will vary by quarter due to the seasonality of the Private Student Loan business. • Sallie Mae will opt to phase in regulatory capital and capital ratios, and will remain above the current definition of “Well Capitalized” after implementation of CECL. • Common stock dividends expected to be paid during the implementation period of CECL. Future share repurchase activity will be reevaluated post-CECL implementation. 18
Appendix
Quarterly Financial Highlights 20
Enhancing franchise value through a deeper relationship with clients Distribution of Sallie Mae Borrowers by Product and Age 100% 95% 93% 91% 90% 87% 83% 80% 79% 73% 70% 64% 60% % with a Credit Card 54% 50% % with a Personal Loan 42% % of Borrowers 40% 30% 29% 30% 30% 27% 25% 21% 22% 20% 18% 15% 11% 10% 8% 5% 1% 2% 0% 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 As of 4/30/18 Age of Borrowers 21
Sallie Mae vs Federal Student Loans 22
“Core Earnings” to GAAP Reconciliation 23
Important Information Regarding Historical Loan Performance Data On April 30, 2014 (the “Spin-Off Date”), the former SLM Corporation legally separated (the “Spin-Off”) into two distinct publicly-traded entities: an education loan management, servicing and asset recovery business called Navient Corporation (“Navient”), and a consumer banking business called SLM Corporation. SLM Corporation’s primary operating subsidiary is Sallie Mae Bank. We sometimes refer to SLM Corporation, together with its subsidiaries and its affiliates, during the period prior to the Spin-Off as “legacy SLM.” In connection with the Spin-Off, all private education loans owned by legacy SLM, other than those owned by its Sallie Mae Bank subsidiary as of the date of the Spin-Off, and all private education loan asset-backed securities (“ABS”) trusts previously sponsored and administered by legacy SLM were transferred to Navient. As of the Spin-Off Date, Navient and its sponsored ABS trusts owned $30.8 billion of legacy SLM’s private education loan portfolio originated both prior to and since 2009. As of the Spin-Off Date, Sallie Mae Bank owned $7.2 billion of private education loans, the vast majority of which were unencumbered Smart Option Student Loans originated since 2009. Legacy SLM’s Private Education Loan and ABS Programs Prior to the Spin-Off In 1989, legacy SLM began making private education loans to graduate students. In 1996, legacy SLM expanded its private education loan offerings to undergraduate students. Between 2002 and 2007, legacy SLM issued $18.6 billion of private education loan- backed ABS in 12 separate transactions. In 2008, in response to the financial downturn, legacy SLM revised its private education loan underwriting criteria, tightened its forbearance and collections policies, ended direct-to-consumer disbursements, and ceased lending to students attending certain for- profit schools. Legacy SLM issued no private education loan ABS in 2008. In 2009, legacy SLM introduced its Smart Option Student Loan product and began underwriting private education loans with a proprietary custom credit score. The custom credit score included income-based factors, which led to a significant increase in the percentage of loans requiring a co-signer, typically a parent. The initial loans originated under the Smart Option Student Loan program (the “Interest Only SOSLs”) were variable rate loans and required interest payments by borrowers while in school, which reduced the amounts payable over the loans’ lives and helped establish repayment habits among borrowers. In 2010, legacy SLM introduced a second option for its Smart Option Student Loan customers, which required a $25 fixed monthly payment while borrowers were in school (the “Fixed Pay SOSLs”). In 2011, legacy SLM introduced another option for its Smart Option Student Loan customers, which allowed borrowers to defer interest and principal payments until after a student graduates or separates from school (the “Deferred SOSLs”). In 2012, legacy SLM introduced a fixed rate loan option for its Interest Only, Fixed Pay and Deferred SOSLs. Borrowers must select which of these options they prefer at the time of loan origination and are not permitted to change those options once selected. In 2011, legacy SLM included private education loans originated under the Smart Option Student Loan program in its ABS pools for the first time. Between 2011 and 2014, the mix of Smart Option Student Loans included in legacy SLM’s private education loan ABS steadily increased as a percentage of the collateral pools, from 10% initially to 64% in later transactions. Sallie Mae Bank’s Private Education Loan and ABS Programs Post-Spin-Off Originations. Following the Spin-Off, Sallie Mae Bank continued to originate loans under the Smart Option Student Loan program. As of December 31, 2018, it owned $20.5 billion of private education loans (gross), the vast majority of which were Smart Option Student Loans originated since 2009, and over 90% of which were originated between 2013 and 2018. Servicing. Immediately prior to the Spin-Off, Sallie Mae Bank assumed responsibility for collections of delinquent loans on the vast majority of its Smart Option Student Loan portfolio. Following the Spin-Off Date, Navient continued to service all private education loans owned by the two companies on its servicing platform until October 2014, when servicing for the vast majority of Sallie Mae Bank’s private education loan portfolio was transitioned to Sallie Mae Bank. Sallie Mae Bank now services and is responsible for collecting the vast majority of the Smart Option Student Loans it owns. Securitization and Sales. In August 2014, Sallie Mae Bank sponsored its first private education loan ABS, SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2014-A (the “SMB 2014-A transaction”). Because this transaction occurred prior to the transfer of loan servicing from Navient to Sallie Mae Bank, Sallie Mae Bank acted as master servicer for the transaction and Navient as subservicer, and the loan pool is serviced pursuant to Navient servicing policies. In April 2015 and October 2015, Sallie Mae Bank sponsored securitizations and residual sales, SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2015-A and SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2015-C, respectively. Sallie Mae Bank also sponsored on-balance sheet term securitizations as follows: Date Transaction Date Transaction Date Transaction July 2015 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2015-B May 2016 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2016-A February 2017 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2017-A July 2016 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2016-B October 2016 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2016-C November 2017 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2017-B March 2018 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2018-A June 2018 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2018-B September 2018 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2018-C March 2019 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2019-A June 2019 SMB Private Education Loan Trust 2019-B Sallie Mae Bank services the loans in all of the securitizations it has sponsored following the SMB 2014-A transaction. Additional Information. Prior to the Spin-Off, all Smart Option Student Loans were originated and initially held by Sallie Mae Bank, as a subsidiary of legacy SLM. Sallie Mae Bank typically then sold certain of the performing Smart Option Student Loans to an affiliate of legacy SLM for securitization. Additionally, on a monthly basis Sallie Mae Bank sold all loans that were over 90 days past due, in forbearance, restructured or involved in a bankruptcy to an affiliate of legacy SLM. As a result of this second practice, prior to the occurrence of the Spin-Off, historical performance data for Sallie Mae Bank’s Smart Option Student Loan portfolio reflected minimal later stage delinquencies, forbearance or charge-offs. Legacy SLM collected Smart Option Student Loans pursuant to policies that required loans be charged off after 212 days of delinquency. In April 2014, Sallie Mae Bank began collecting the vast majority of its Smart Option Student Loans pursuant to policies that required loans be charged off after 120 days of delinquency, in accordance with bank regulatory guidance. For the reasons described above, a portion of Sallie Mae Bank’s historical performance data does not reflect current collections and charge off practices and may not be indicative of the future performance of the Bank’s Smart Option Student Loans. 24
Important Information Regarding Historical Loan Performance Data (cont.) Types of Smart Option Student Loan Portfolio Data The portfolio data we used in this report comes from two separate sources of information: (1) Combined Smart Option Student Loan Portfolio Data for Legacy SLM, Navient and Sallie Mae Bank. Information in this category is presented on a combined basis for loans originated under the Smart Option Student Loan program, whether originated by Sallie Mae Bank when it was part of legacy SLM or by Sallie Mae Bank post Spin-Off, and regardless of whether the loan is currently held by an ABS trust, or held or serviced by Navient or Sallie Mae Bank. Data in this category is used in the tables below under the following headings: • “Cumulative Defaults by P&I Repayment Vintage and Years Since First P&I Repayment Period” – Only for 2010-2014 P&I Repayment Vintages This combined Smart Option Student Loan portfolio data provides insight into gross defaults of the covered vintages of Smart Option Student Loans since 2010, regardless of ownership or servicing standard. Data available for earlier periods includes a limited number of Smart Option Student Loan product types. Loans contained in the combined Smart Option Student Loan portfolio category were serviced by legacy SLM prior to the Spin-Off, and by either Navient or Sallie Mae Bank after the Spin-Off. As noted above, loans serviced by legacy SLM and Navient were serviced pursuant to different policies than those loans serviced by Sallie Mae Bank after the Spin-Off. Specifically, legacy SLM charged off loans after 212 days of delinquency, and Navient has continued this policy. Sallie Mae Bank currently charges off loans after 120 days of delinquency. All loans included in the combined Smart Option Student Loan portfolio that were serviced by legacy SLM prior to the Spin-Off were serviced pursuant to a 212-day charge off policy. Following the Spin-Off, a portion of the loans included in the combined Smart Option Student Loan portfolio data have been serviced by Navient pursuant to a 212-day charge off policy, and a portion have been serviced by Sallie Mae Bank pursuant to a 120-day charge off policy. As a result, future performance of loans serviced by Sallie Mae Bank may differ from the historical performance of loans reflected in this combined Smart Option Student Loan portfolio data. (2) Smart Option Student Loan Portfolio Data for Sallie Mae Bank Serviced Loans. Information in this category is presented for loans originated under the Smart Option Student Loan program, whether originated by Sallie Mae Bank when it was part of legacy SLM or by Sallie Mae Bank post Spin-Off, and regardless of whether the loan is currently held by an ABS trust. All loans in this category are serviced by Sallie Mae Bank. Data in this category is used in the tables below under the following headings: • “Cumulative Defaults by P&I Repayment Vintage and Years Since First P&I Repayment Period” – Only for 2015- 2018 P&I Repayment Vintages In relation to cumulative defaults, the Sallie Mae Bank Serviced portfolio data provides insight into gross defaults of the Smart Option Student Loans covered and serviced by Sallie Mae Bank since 2015, regardless of ownership. We believe historical loan performance data since 2015 is more representative of the expected performance of Smart Option Student Loans to be included in new Sallie Mae Bank trusts than data available for earlier periods. Loans contained in the Smart Option Student Loan Portfolio Data for Sallie Mae Bank Serviced Loans category were serviced by legacy SLM prior to the Spin-Off, and by Sallie Mae Bank after the Spin-Off. Sallie Mae Bank currently charges off loans after 120 days of delinquency. Any data or other information presented in the following charts is for comparative purposes only, and is not to be deemed a part of any offering of securities. A significant portion of the Smart Option Student Loan performance data described above is provided to Sallie Mae Bank by Navient under a data sharing agreement executed in connection with the Spin-Off. This data sharing agreement expired on April 29, 2019 and, as a result, cumulative gross default data for pre-2015 P&I Repayment Vintages is held static as of December 31, 2018. Under the data sharing agreement, Navient makes no representations or warranties to Sallie Mae Bank concerning the accuracy and completeness of information that it provided. Sallie Mae Bank has not independently verified, and is not able to verify, the accuracy or completeness of the data provided under the agreement. 25
Smart Option Loan Program Cohort Default Triangles Terms and calculations used in the cohort default triangles are defined below: First P&I Repayment Period – The month during which a borrower is first required to make a full principal and interest payment on a loan. P&I Repayment Vintage – The calendar year of a loan’s First P&I Repayment Period. Disbursed Principal Entering P&I Repayment – The total amount of disbursed loan principal in a P&I Repayment Vintage, excluding any interest capitalization. Reported Default Data – o For loans that default after their First P&I Repayment Period: Loans enter a particular annual P&I Repayment Vintage at different times during the P&I Repayment Vintage year. Default data is not reported for loans in a particular annual P&I Repayment Vintage until the First P&I Repayment Period has occurred for all loans in that annual P&I Repayment Vintage. Once reporting starts, data reflects defaults that occurred in a particular period through the number of months since December 31 of that annual P&I Repayment Vintage year. For example, in the relevant charts and tables included in this presentation as of June 30, 2019: (i) default data reported for loans in the 2018 P&I Repayment Vintage represents defaults occurring during the first 6 months after a loan’s First P&I Repayment Period regardless of the month in 2018 during which the first full principal and interest payment for that loan became due; and (ii) default data for loans in the 2017 P&I Repayment Vintage represents defaults occurring during the first 18 months after a loan’s First P&I Repayment Period regardless of the month in 2017 during which the first full principal and interest payment for that loan became due. o For loans that default prior to their First P&I Repayment Period: Loans defaulting prior to their First P&I Repayment Period are included in the P&I Repayment Vintage corresponding to the calendar year in which the default occurs, and are aggregated and reported in Year 0 of that P&I Repayment Vintage in the relevant charts and tables. For example: (a) if a loan’s First P&I Repayment Period was scheduled for 2018, but the loan defaulted in 2017, the default amount is reflected in Year 0 of the 2017 P&I Repayment Vintage; and (b) if a loan’s First P&I Repayment Period occurred in 2018, but the loan defaulted in 2018 before that First P&I Repayment Period, the default amount is reflected in Year 0 of the 2018 P&I Repayment Vintage. o For loans that pay off prior to their First P&I Repayment Period: Loans paid off prior to their First P&I Repayment Period are included in the Disbursed Principal Entering P&I Repayment of the P&I Repayment Vintage corresponding to the calendar year in which the payoff occurs. Periodic Defaults – For any loan in a particular P&I Repayment Vintage, the defaulted principal and interest is reflected in the year corresponding to the number of years since the First P&I Repayment Period for that loan. Cumulative Defaults – At any time for a particular P&I Repayment Vintage, the cumulative sum of Periodic Defaults for that vintage. o Defaulted principal includes any interest capitalization that occurred prior to default o Defaulted principal is not reduced by any amounts recovered after the loan defaulted o Because the numerator includes capitalized interest while the denominator (i.e., Disbursed Principal Entering P&I Repayment) does not, default rates are higher than they would be if the numerator and denominator both included capitalized interest Note: Cumulative gross defaults for pre-2015 P&I Repayment Vintages are held static as of December 31, 2018. Note: Historical trends suggested by the cohort default triangles may not be indicative of future performance. Legacy SLM and Navient serviced loans were serviced pursuant to a 212 day charge-off policy. Sallie Mae Bank serviced loans were serviced pursuant to a 120 day charge-off policy. 26
Footnotes 1. Source: MeasureOne CBA Report as of December 2018 2. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey 3. Source: Trends in Student Aid,© 2018 The College Board, www.collegeboard.org, U.S. Department of Education 2018 4. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics- “More education: Lower unemployment, higher earnings” as of March 2019 5. Source: Trends in Student Aid,© 2018 The College Board, www.collegeboard.org, U.S. Department of Education 2018 6. Originations represent loans that were funded or acquired during the period presented. 7. Represents the higher credit score of the cosigner or the borrower. 8. For important information regarding historical performance data and an explanation of the data and calculations underlying this chart, see pages 24-26. 9. For 2010-2014 P&I Repayment Vintages Only- Data static as of December 31, 2018 for Legacy SLM, Navient and Sallie Mae Bank serviced portfolios combined. Certain data used in the charts above was provided by Navient under a data sharing agreement which expired on April 29, 2019 (see page 26 for more details). Sallie Mae Bank has not independently verified, and is not able to verify, the accuracy or completeness of the data provided under the agreement. 10. For 2015-2018 P&I Repayment Vintages Only- Data as of June 30, 2019 for Sallie Mae Bank serviced loans only – All loans covered are serviced by Sallie Mae Bank, regardless of whether the loans were originated by Sallie Mae Bank when it was part of legacy SLM, or by Sallie Mae Bank post Spin-Off, and regardless of whether the loans were included in an ABS trust. Note: Legacy SLM and Navient portfolio serviced pursuant to a 212 day charge-off policy. Sallie Mae Bank portfolio serviced pursuant to a 120 day charge-off policy. Historical trends may not be indicative of future performance. 11. We calculate and report our non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio as the ratio of (a) the total non-interest expense numerator to (b) the net revenue denominator (which consists of the sum of net interest income, before provision for credit losses, and non-interest income, excluding any gains and losses on sales of loans and securities, net and the net impact of derivative accounting as defined in the "‘Core Earnings’ to GAAP Reconciliation" table on page 23). We believe doing so provides useful information to investors because it is a measure used by our management team to monitor our effectiveness in managing operating expenses. Other companies may use similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures that are calculated differently from the way we calculate our ratio. Accordingly, our non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies. 12. N/A - Smart Option loans considered in ‘P&I Repayment’ only if borrowers are subject to full principal and interest payments on the loan. 13. N/A - Represents the higher credit score of the cosigner or the borrower. Note: Pool characteristics as of the Statistical Cutoff Date for the respective transaction 14. N/A - Overcollateralization for Class A & B bonds 15. N/A - Estimated based on a variety of assumptions concerning loan repayment behavior. Actual prepayment rate may vary significantly from estimates. 16. Private education loans are typically non-dischargeable in bankruptcy, unless a borrower can prove that repayment of the loan imposes an "undue hardship“. 17. Source: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Federal Student Aid, https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/types/loans 18. The difference between “Core Earnings” and GAAP net income is driven by mark-to-market unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts recognized in GAAP, but not in “Core Earnings” results. See page 23 for a reconciliation of GAAP and “Core Earnings”. Derivative Accounting: “Core Earnings” exclude periodic unrealized gains and losses caused by the mark-to-fair value valuations on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under GAAP, but include current period accruals on the derivative instruments. For periods prior to July 1, 2018, “Core Earnings” also exclude the periodic unrealized gains and losses that are a result of ineffectiveness recognized related to effective hedges under GAAP, net of tax. Under GAAP, for our derivatives held to maturity, the cumulative net unrealized gain or loss over the life of the contract will equal $0. 19. “Core Earnings” tax rate is based on the effective tax rate at the Bank where the derivative instruments are held. 20. We calculate and report our non-GAAP “Core Earnings” Return on Assets (“Core Earnings ROA”) as the ratio of (a) “Core Earnings” net income numerator (annualized) to (b) the GAAP total average assets denominator. 21. We calculate and report our non-GAAP “Core Earnings” Return on Common Equity (“Core Earnings ROCE”) as the ratio of (a) “Core Earnings” net income attributable to common stock numerator (annualized) to (b) the net denominator, which consists of GAAP total average equity less total average preferred stock. 22. We calculate and report our Return on Assets (“ROA”) as the ratio of (a) GAAP net income numerator (annualized) to (b) the GAAP total average assets denominator. 23. We calculate and report our Return on Common Equity (“ROCE”) as the ratio of (a) GAAP net income attributable to SLM Corporation common stock numerator (annualized) to (b) the net denominator, which consists of GAAP total average equity less total average preferred stock. 24. Estimated CECL impacts described are our best estimates at June 30, 2019, but could be materially different as we complete our testing, validation and other efforts to adopt the standard. 25. This forward-looking statement does not represent or constitute guidance of any form. It is based on our current understanding of the student loan market and conditions that exist at the date of this presentation and, therefore, is subject to change. (See page 2 for more details.) 26. Sallie Mae and Ipsos, How America Pays for College 2019 (salliemae.com/howamericapays, July 2019) 27