SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
Current Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): April 15, 2004
SLM CORPORATION (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
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DELAWARE (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) |
File No. 001-13251 (Commission File Number) |
52-2013874 (IRS Employer Identification Number) |
11600 Sallie Mae Drive, Reston, Virginia (Address of principal executive offices) |
20193 (zip code) |
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (703) 810-3000
Not Applicable
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
Item 12. Results of Operations and Financial Condition
On April 15, 2004, SLM Corporation issued a press release with respect to its earnings for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2004, which is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K. Additional information for the quarter, which is available on the Registrant's website at www.salliemae/investor/corpreports.html, is furnished as Exhibit 99.2.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
SLM CORPORATION | |||
By: |
/s/ C.E. ANDREWS |
||
Name: | C.E. Andrews | ||
Title: | Executive Vice President, Accounting and Risk Management |
Dated: April 15, 2004
SLM CORPORATION
Form 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Exhibit No. |
Description |
|
---|---|---|
99.1 | Press Release dated April 15, 2004 | |
99.2 | Additional Information Available on the Registrant's Website |
N E W S R E L E A S E | ||||
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE | Media Contacts: Tom Joyce 703/810-5610 Martha Holler 703/810-5178 |
Investor Contacts: Steve McGarry 703/810-7746 Nam Vu 703/810-7723 |
SLM CORPORATION FIRST-QUARTER 2004 LOAN ORIGINATIONS TOP $5.8 BILLION,
UP 19 PERCENT FROM YEAR AGO PERIOD
Portfolio of Managed Loans Now Exceeds $92 Billion
RESTON, Va., April 15, 2004SLM Corporation (NYSE: SLM), commonly known as Sallie Mae, today reported first-quarter 2004 earnings and performance results that include more than $5.8 billion in preferred-channel loan originations, a 19-percent increase from the year-ago quarter's $4.9 billion.
Preferred-channel loan originations are loans created by the company's owned or affiliated brands. These loans are a key measure of Sallie Mae's market share success and indicate future loan acquisition volume and earnings growth. The company's total managed-loan portfolio now exceeds $92 billion.
"We continue to build market share in a growing student loan market," said Albert L. Lord, vice chairman and chief executive officer, Sallie Mae. "This has enabled us to further accelerate our privatization and deliver good earnings growth."
Sallie Mae reports financial results on a GAAP basis and presents certain non-GAAP or "core cash" performance measures. The company's equity investors, credit rating agencies and debt capital providers request these core cash measures to monitor the company's business performance.
Sallie Mae reported first-quarter 2004 GAAP net income of $291 million, or $.64 per diluted share, compared to $417 million, or $.88 per diluted share, in the year-ago period. Included in these GAAP results are pre-tax gains on the securitization of student loans of $114 million, compared to $306 million in the year-ago quarter.
Core cash net income for the quarter was $231 million, or $.51 per diluted share, up from $203 million in the year-ago quarter, or $.43 per diluted share. Core cash net interest income was $433 million for the quarter, a 16-percent increase from the year-ago quarter's $372 million.
Core cash other income, which consists primarily of fees earned from guarantor servicing and collection activity, was $174 million for the 2004 first quarter, up 18 percent from the year-ago quarter's $147 million. Core cash operating expenses were $202 million, compared to $248 million in the prior quarter and $173 million in the year-ago quarter.
Both a description of the core cash treatment and a full reconciliation to the GAAP income statement can be found at www.salliemae.com.
Total equity for the company at March 31, 2004, was $2.7 billion, up from $2.2 billion a year ago. The company's tangible capital increased to 1.94 percent of managed assets, compared to 1.81 percent as of March 31, 2003. During the first quarter 2004, the company completed $14.8 billion in term, non-government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) funding. At March 31, 2004, less than $16 billion in student loans remained in the GSE.
Sallie Mae 11600 Sallie Mae Drive Reston, Va 20193 www.salliemae.com |
The company will host its regular earnings conference call today at noon. Sallie Mae executives will be on hand to discuss various highlights of the quarter and to answer questions related to the company's performance. Individuals interested in participating should call the following number today, April 15, 2004, starting at 11:45 a.m. EDT: (877) 356-5689 (USA and Canada) or (706) 679-0623 (International). The conference call will be replayed continuously beginning Thursday, April 15, at 3:30 p.m. EDT and concluding at 11:59 p.m. EDT on Thursday, April 22. Please dial (800) 642-1687 (USA and Canada) or dial (706) 645-9291 (International) and use access code 6065208. In addition, there will be a live audio Web cast of the conference call, which may be accessed at www.salliemae.com. A replay will be available 30-45 minutes after the live broadcast.
* * *
Statements in this release referring to expectations as to future market share, the successful consummation of any business acquisitions and other future developments are forward-looking statements, which involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, changes in the terms of student loans and the educational credit marketplace arising from the implementation of applicable laws and regulations, and from changes in such laws and regulations, changes in the demand for educational financing or in financing preferences of educational institutions, students and their families, and changes in the general interest rate environment. For more information, see the company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
* * *
SLM Corporation (NYSE: SLM), commonly known as Sallie Mae, is the nation's leading provider of education funding, managing more than $92 billion in student loans for more than 7 million borrowers. The company primarily provides federally guaranteed student loans originated under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP), and offers comprehensive information and resources to guide students, parents and guidance professionals through the financial aid process. Sallie Mae was established in 1973 as a government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) called the Student Loan Marketing Association, and began the privatization process in 1997. Since then, the parent company name has changed, most recently to SLM Corporation. Through its specialized subsidiaries and divisions, Sallie Mae also provides an array of consumer credit loans, including those for lifelong learning and K-12 education, and business and technical products and services for colleges and universities. More information is available at http://www.salliemae.com. SLM Corporation and its subsidiaries, other than the Student Loan Marketing Association, are not sponsored by or agencies of the United States.
# # #
Sallie Mae 11600 Sallie Mae Drive Reston, Va 20193 www.salliemae.com |
SLM CORPORATION
Supplemental Earnings Disclosure
March 31, 2004
(Dollars in millions, except earnings per share)
|
Quarters ended |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
|
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
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SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND RATIOS (GAAP Basis) | ||||||||||
Net income | $ | 291 | $ | 264 | $ | 417 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share* | $ | .64 | $ | .57 | $ | .88 | ||||
Return on assets | 1.88 | % | 1.88 | % | 3.41 | % | ||||
NON-GAAP INFORMATION (See Explanation Below) |
||||||||||
"Core cash" net income | $ | 231 | $ | 285 | $ | 203 | ||||
"Core cash" diluted earnings per common share* | $ | .51 | $ | .62 | $ | .43 | ||||
"Core cash" return on assets | .91 | % | 1.15 | % | .97 | % | ||||
OTHER OPERATING STATISTICS |
||||||||||
Average on-balance sheet student loans | $ | 52,892 | $ | 47,305 | $ | 44,159 | ||||
Average off-balance sheet student loans | 37,786 | 39,908 | 35,228 | |||||||
Average Managed student loans | $ | 90,678 | $ | 87,213 | $ | 79,387 | ||||
Ending on-balance sheet student loans, net |
$ |
54,414 |
$ |
50,047 |
$ |
43,281 |
||||
Ending off-balance sheet student loans, net | 37,735 | 38,742 | 37,438 | |||||||
Ending Managed student loans, net | $ | 92,149 | $ | 88,789 | $ | 80,719 | ||||
Ending Managed FFELP student loans, net |
$ |
83,013 |
$ |
80,485 |
$ |
74,221 |
||||
Ending Managed Private Credit Student Loans, net | 9,136 | 8,304 | 6,498 | |||||||
Ending Managed student loans, net | $ | 92,149 | $ | 88,789 | $ | 80,719 | ||||
Non-GAAP "Core Cash" Earnings
In accordance with the Rules and Regulations of the SEC, we prepare financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). In addition to evaluating the Company's GAAP-based financial information, management, credit rating agencies, lenders and analysts also evaluate the Company on certain non-GAAP performance measures that we refer to as "core cash" measures. While "core cash" measures are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP, we rely on "core cash" measures in operating our business because we believe they provide additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management.
We report pro forma "core cash" measures, which are the primary financial performance measures used by management not only in developing our financial plans and tracking results, but also in establishing corporate performance targets and determining incentive compensation. Our "core cash" measures are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. "Core cash" measures reflect only current period adjustments to GAAP earnings as described below. Accordingly, the Company's "core cash" measures presentation does not represent another comprehensive basis of accounting. A more detailed discussion of the differences between GAAP and "core cash" measures follows.
SLM CORPORATION
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(unaudited) |
|
(unaudited) |
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Assets | |||||||||
Federally insured student loans (net of allowance for losses of $20,592; $26,283; and $56,082, respectively) | $ | 26,174,672 | $ | 29,222,268 | $ | 36,304,633 | |||
Federally insured student loans in trust (net of allowance for losses of $28,637; $19,710; and $2,322, respectively) | 24,062,169 | 16,354,805 | 2,035,479 | ||||||
Private Credit Student Loans (net of allowance for losses of $154,222; $165,716; and $174,177, respectively) | 4,176,841 | 4,470,156 | 4,941,225 | ||||||
Academic facilities financings and other loans | 1,104,226 | 1,030,907 | 1,139,617 | ||||||
Cash and investments | 10,407,332 | 6,767,523 | 4,467,205 | ||||||
Restricted cash and investments | 1,133,188 | 1,233,828 | 372,446 | ||||||
Retained Interest in securitized receivables | 2,482,242 | 2,475,836 | 2,481,318 | ||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible assets, net | 589,078 | 592,112 | 579,365 | ||||||
Other assets | 3,133,709 | 2,463,216 | 2,012,488 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 73,263,457 | $ | 64,610,651 | $ | 54,333,776 | |||
Liabilities |
|||||||||
Short-term borrowings | $ | 16,176,387 | $ | 18,735,385 | $ | 23,825,598 | |||
Borrowings collateralized by loans in trust | 24,595,289 | 16,597,396 | 2,021,450 | ||||||
Long-term notes | 26,710,017 | 23,210,778 | 23,219,279 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 3,044,113 | 3,437,046 | 3,023,193 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 70,525,806 | 61,980,605 | 52,089,520 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies* |
|||||||||
Stockholders' equity |
|||||||||
Preferred stock, par value $.20 per share, 20,000 shares authorized: 3,300; 3,300; and 3,300 shares, respectively, issued at stated value of $50 per share | 165,000 | 165,000 | 165,000 | ||||||
Common stock, par value $.20 per share, 1,125,000 shares authorized: 476,442; 472,643; and 630,283 shares, respectively, issued | 95,289 | 94,529 | 126,057 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,670,640 | 1,553,240 | 1,232,473 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax | 534,445 | 425,621 | 596,693 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 1,153,100 | 941,284 | 3,094,050 | ||||||
Stockholders' equity before treasury stock | 3,618,474 | 3,179,674 | 5,214,273 | ||||||
Common stock held in treasury at cost: 33,533; 24,965; and 175,680 shares, respectively | 880,823 | 549,628 | 2,970,017 | ||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 2,737,651 | 2,630,046 | 2,244,256 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 73,263,457 | $ | 64,610,651 | $ | 54,333,776 | |||
SLM CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
|
Quarters ended |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
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Interest income: | |||||||||||
Federally insured student loans | $ | 468,967 | $ | 446,187 | $ | 467,482 | |||||
Private Credit Student Loans | 76,589 | 50,350 | 87,572 | ||||||||
Academic facilities financings and other loans | 18,376 | 18,194 | 20,206 | ||||||||
Investments | 43,457 | 41,191 | 28,261 | ||||||||
Total interest income | 607,389 | 555,922 | 603,521 | ||||||||
Interest expense | 285,674 | 263,412 | 257,302 | ||||||||
Net interest income | 321,715 | 292,510 | 346,219 | ||||||||
Less: provision for losses | 39,818 | 26,791 | 42,545 | ||||||||
Net interest income after provision for losses | 281,897 | 265,719 | 303,674 | ||||||||
Other income: | |||||||||||
Gains on student loan securitizations | 113,954 | 84,812 | 305,803 | ||||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue | 136,658 | 131,416 | 188,612 | ||||||||
Derivative market value adjustment | (116,743 | ) | (4,498 | ) | (119,064 | ) | |||||
Guarantor servicing fees | 34,971 | 27,413 | 35,193 | ||||||||
Debt management fees | 79,928 | 68,780 | 58,813 | ||||||||
Other | 58,955 | 92,079 | 49,575 | ||||||||
Total other income | 307,723 | 400,002 | 518,932 | ||||||||
Operating expenses | 208,877 | 254,434 | 179,365 | ||||||||
Income before income taxes | 380,743 | 411,287 | 643,241 | ||||||||
Income taxes | 89,278 | 146,858 | 226,692 | ||||||||
Net income | 291,465 | 264,429 | 416,549 | ||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 2,886 | 2,876 | 2,875 | ||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock | $ | 288,579 | $ | 261,553 | $ | 413,674 | |||||
Basic earnings per common share |
$ |
..65 |
$ |
..58 |
$ |
..91 |
|||||
Average common shares outstanding |
442,664 |
448,770 |
456,581 |
||||||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
$ |
..64 |
$ |
..57 |
$ |
..88 |
|||||
Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding |
451,747 |
458,022 |
469,696 |
||||||||
Dividends per common share |
$ |
..17 |
$ |
..17 |
$ |
..08 |
|||||
SLM CORPORATION
Pro-Forma "Core Cash"
Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
|
Quarters ended |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
|
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
|||||||
Managed interest income: | ||||||||||
Managed federally insured student loans | $ | 687,222 | $ | 746,263 | $ | 643,947 | ||||
Managed Private Credit Student Loans | 113,658 | 98,769 | 98,396 | |||||||
Academic facilities financings and other loans | 18,376 | 18,194 | 20,206 | |||||||
Investments | 47,936 | 46,100 | 29,243 | |||||||
Total Managed interest income | 867,192 | 909,326 | 791,792 | |||||||
Managed interest expense | 433,765 | 427,145 | 419,342 | |||||||
Net Managed interest income | 433,427 | 482,181 | 372,450 | |||||||
Less: provision for losses | 44,968 | 26,565 | 31,606 | |||||||
Net Managed interest income after provision for losses | 388,459 | 455,616 | 340,844 | |||||||
Other income: | ||||||||||
Guarantor servicing fees | 34,971 | 27,413 | 35,193 | |||||||
Debt management fees | 79,928 | 68,780 | 58,813 | |||||||
Other | 59,336 | 96,171 | 53,206 | |||||||
Total other income | 174,235 | 192,364 | 147,212 | |||||||
Operating expenses | 202,149 | 247,712 | 172,737 | |||||||
Income before income taxes | 360,545 | 400,268 | 315,319 | |||||||
Income taxes | 129,491 | 115,618 | 112,029 | |||||||
"Core cash" net income | 231,054 | 284,650 | 203,290 | |||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 2,886 | 2,876 | 2,875 | |||||||
"Core cash" net income attributable to common stock | $ | 228,168 | $ | 281,774 | $ | 200,415 | ||||
"Core cash" basic earnings per common share |
$ |
..52 |
$ |
..63 |
$ |
..44 |
||||
Average common shares outstanding |
442,664 |
448,770 |
456,581 |
|||||||
"Core cash" diluted earnings per common share |
$ |
..51 |
$ |
..62 |
$ |
..43 |
||||
Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding |
451,747 |
458,022 |
469,696 |
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SLM CORPORATION
Pro-Forma "Core Cash"
Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to "Core Cash" Net Income
(In thousands)
|
Quarters ended |
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|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||||
|
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
(unaudited) |
||||||||
GAAP net income | $ | 291,465 | $ | 264,429 | $ | 416,549 | |||||
"Core cash" adjustments: | |||||||||||
Net impact of securitization accounting | 11,089 | 143,901 | (265,278 | ) | |||||||
Net impact of Floor Income | 60,780 | 2,625 | 37,291 | ||||||||
Net impact of derivative accounting | (99,490 | ) | (166,663 | ) | (114,811 | ) | |||||
Amortization of acquired intangibles and other | 7,423 | 9,118 | 14,876 | ||||||||
Total "core cash" adjustments before income taxes | (20,198 | ) | (11,019 | ) | (327,922 | ) | |||||
Net tax effect (A) | (40,213 | ) | 31,240 | 114,663 | |||||||
Total "core cash" adjustments | (60,411 | ) | 20,221 | (213,259 | ) | ||||||
"Core cash" net income | $ | 231,054 | $ | 284,650 | $ | 203,290 | |||||
Exhibit 99.2
SLM CORPORATION
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
FIRST QUARTER 2004
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
The following supplemental information should be read in connection with SLM Corporation's (the "Company") press release of first quarter 2004 earnings, dated April 15, 2004.
Statements in this Supplemental Financial Information release, which refer to expectations as to future developments, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements contemplate risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, changes in the terms of student loans and the educational credit marketplace arising from the implementation of applicable laws and regulations and from changes in such laws and regulations; changes in the demand for educational financing or in financing preferences of educational institutions, students and their families; and changes in the general interest rate environment. For more information, see our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
Definitions for capitalized terms in this document can be found in the Company's 2003 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2004.
Reclassifications
In May 2003, the Board of Directors approved a three-for-one split of our common stock to be effected in the form of a stock dividend. The additional shares of stock were distributed on June 20, 2003, for all shareholders of record on June 6, 2003. All share and per share amounts presented have been retroactively restated for the stock split. Stockholders' equity has been restated to give retroactive recognition to the stock split for all periods presented by reclassifying from additional paid-in capital to common stock the par value of the additional shares issued as a result of the stock split.
A recent interpretation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," requires net settlement income/expense on derivatives and realized gains/losses related to derivative dispositions ("realized derivative market value adjustment") that do not qualify as hedges under SFAS No. 133 to be included as realized gains and losses in the derivative market value adjustment on the income statement. As a result, the derivative market value adjustment includes both the unrealized changes in the fair value of our derivatives as well as the realized changes in fair value related to derivative net settlements and dispositions. For "core cash" reporting purposes, we have reclassified the net settlements from the derivative market value adjustment to the financial statement line item of the economically hedged item.
Certain other reclassifications have been made to the balances as of and for the quarters ended December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2003, to be consistent with classifications adopted for 2004.
1
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table presents the GAAP statements of income for the quarters ended March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2003.
Condensed Statements of Income
|
Quarters ended |
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|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
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Interest income: | |||||||||||
Federally insured student loans | $ | 469 | $ | 446 | $ | 467 | |||||
Private Credit Student Loans | 77 | 51 | 88 | ||||||||
Academic facilities financings and other loans | 18 | 18 | 20 | ||||||||
Investments | 43 | 41 | 28 | ||||||||
Total interest income | 607 | 556 | 603 | ||||||||
Interest expense | 285 | 263 | 257 | ||||||||
Net interest income | 322 | 293 | 346 | ||||||||
Less: provision for losses | 40 | 27 | 43 | ||||||||
Net interest income after provision for losses | 282 | 266 | 303 | ||||||||
Other income: | |||||||||||
Gains on student loan securitizations | 114 | 85 | 306 | ||||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue | 137 | 131 | 189 | ||||||||
Derivative market value adjustment | (117 | ) | (4 | ) | (119 | ) | |||||
Guarantor servicing fees | 35 | 27 | 35 | ||||||||
Debt management fees | 80 | 69 | 59 | ||||||||
Other | 59 | 92 | 49 | ||||||||
Total other income | 308 | 400 | 519 | ||||||||
Operating expenses | 209 | 255 | 179 | ||||||||
Income before income taxes | 381 | 411 | 643 | ||||||||
Income taxes | 90 | 147 | 226 | ||||||||
Net income | 291 | 264 | 417 | ||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
Net income attributable to common stock | $ | 288 | $ | 261 | $ | 414 | |||||
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | .64 | $ | .57 | $ | .88 | |||||
Income tax expense includes the permanent tax impact of excluding gains and losses from equity forward contracts from taxable income.
2
On-Balance Sheet Floor Income
The following table summarizes the components of Floor Income from on-balance sheet student loans, net of payments under Floor Income Contracts, for the quarters ended March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003, and March 31, 2003.
|
Quarters ended |
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|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
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(Dollars in billions) |
Fixed borrower rate |
Variable borrower rate |
Total |
Fixed borrower rate |
Variable borrower rate |
Total |
Fixed borrower rate |
Variable borrower rate |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||
Floor Income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Floor Income | $ | 124 | $ | 2 | $ | 126 | $ | 128 | $ | 1 | $ | 129 | $ | 137 | $ | 13 | $ | 150 | ||||||||||
Payments on Floor Income Contracts | (109 | ) | | (109 | ) | (99 | ) | | (99 | ) | (118 | ) | | (118 | ) | |||||||||||||
Floor Income | $ | 15 | $ | 2 | $ | 17 | $ | 29 | $ | 1 | $ | 30 | $ | 19 | $ | 13 | $ | 32 | ||||||||||
Floor Income in basis points | .11 | .02 | .13 | .24 | .01 | .25 | .18 | .11 | .29 | |||||||||||||||||||
Securitization Program
Securitization Activity
The following table summarizes our securitization activity for the quarters ended March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003, and March 31, 2003.
|
Quarters ended |
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|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
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|
Number of Transactions |
Amount Securitized |
Pre-Tax Gain |
Gain % |
Number of Transactions |
Amount Securitized |
Pre-Tax Gain |
Gain % |
Number of Transactions |
Amount Securitized |
Pre-Tax Gain |
Gain % |
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FFELP Stafford/PLUS loans | | $ | | $ | | | % | | $ | | $ | | | % | 1 | $ | 1,256 | $ | 20 | 1.6 | % | ||||||||||
Consolidation Loans | | | | | | | | | 1 | 2,005 | 218 | 10.9 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private Credit Student Loans | 1 | 1,252 | 114 | 9.1 | 1 | 1,250 | 85 | 6.8 | 1 | 1,005 | 68 | 6.8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total securitization sales | 1 | 1,252 | $ | 114 | 9.1 | % | 1 | 1,250 | $ | 85 | 6.8 | % | 3 | 4,266 | $ | 306 | 7.2 | % | |||||||||||||
On-balance sheet securitization of Consolidation Loans | 3 | 8,023 | 3 | 6,767 | 1 | 2,056 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans securitized | 4 | $ | 9,275 | 4 | $ | 8,017 | 4 | $ | 6,322 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The increase in the Private Credit securitization gain for the first quarter of 2004 is due to the underlying student loans having higher spreads.
Servicing and Securitization Revenue
Servicing and securitization revenue, the ongoing revenue from securitized loan pools accounted for off-balance sheet as qualifying special purpose entities, includes the interest earned on the Residual Interest asset, the revenue we receive for servicing the loans in the securitization trusts, and Embedded Floor Income on securitized student loans not previously included in the gain on sale calculation. Interest income recognized on the Residual Interest is based on our anticipated yield, determined by periodically estimating future cash flows.
3
The following table summarizes the components of servicing and securitization revenue for the quarters ended March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2003.
|
Quarters ended |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
Servicing revenue | $ | 76 | $ | 80 | $ | 75 | ||||
Securitization revenue, before Embedded Floor Income | 30 | 21 | 57 | |||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue, before Embedded Floor Income | 106 | 101 | 132 | |||||||
Embedded Floor Income |
78 |
77 |
78 |
|||||||
Less: Floor Income previously recognized in gain calculation | (47 | ) | (47 | ) | (21 | ) | ||||
Net Embedded Floor Income | 31 | 30 | 57 | |||||||
Total servicing and securitization revenue | $ | 137 | $ | 131 | $ | 189 | ||||
Average off-balance sheet student loans | $ | 37,786 | $ | 39,908 | $ | 35,228 | ||||
Average balance of Retained Interest | $ | 2,442 | $ | 2,690 | $ | 2,195 | ||||
Servicing and securitization revenue as a percentage of the average balance of off-balance sheet student loans (annualized) | 1.45 | % | 1.31 | % | 2.17 | % | ||||
The decrease in securitization revenue before Embedded Floor Income for the quarters ended March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, is generally due to the impact of Consolidation Loan activity, which resulted in impairment of the Residual Interest asset and negatively impacted yields used to recognize income.
"CORE CASH" RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Non-GAAP "Core Cash" Earnings
In accordance with the Rules and Regulations of the SEC, we prepare financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). In addition to evaluating the Company's GAAP-based financial information, management, credit rating agencies, lenders and analysts also evaluate the Company on certain non-GAAP performance measures that we refer to as "core cash" measures. While "core cash" measures are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP, we rely on "core cash" measures in operating our business because we believe they provide additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management.
We report pro forma "core cash" measures, which are the primary financial performance measures used by management not only in developing our financial plans and tracking results, but also in establishing corporate performance targets and determining incentive compensation. Our "core cash" measures are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. "Core cash" measures reflect only current period adjustments to GAAP as described below. Accordingly, the Company's "core cash" measures presentation does not represent another comprehensive basis of accounting. A more detailed discussion of the differences between GAAP and "core cash" measures follows.
4
replaced by the interest income, provision for loan losses, and interest expense as they are earned or incurred on the securitized loans.
The following table summarizes the securitization adjustments for the quarters ended March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003 and March 31, 2003.
|
Quarters ended |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
"Core cash" securitization adjustments: | ||||||||||
Net interest income on securitized loans, after provision for losses | $ | 262 | $ | 360 | $ | 230 | ||||
Gains on student loan securitizations | (114 | ) | (85 | ) | (306 | ) | ||||
Servicing and securitization revenue | (137 | ) | (131 | ) | (189 | ) | ||||
Total "core cash" securitization adjustments | $ | 11 | $ | 144 | $ | (265 | ) | |||
|
Quarters ended |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
"Core cash" Floor Income adjustments: | ||||||||||
Floor Income earned on Managed loans | $ | (34 | ) | $ | (54 | ) | $ | (73 | ) | |
Amortization of net premiums on Floor Income Contracts and futures in net interest income | 45 | 48 | 38 | |||||||
Net losses related to closed Eurodollar futures contracts economically hedging Floor Income | 50 | 7 | 1 | |||||||
Losses on sales of derivatives hedging Floor Income | | 2 | 71 | |||||||
Total "core cash" Floor Income adjustments | $ | 61 | $ | 3 | $ | 37 | ||||
5
changing credit spreads during the period and the volume and term of derivatives not receiving hedge accounting treatment. "Core cash" earnings exclude the periodic unrealized gains and losses primarily caused by the one-sided derivative valuations, and recognize the economic effect of these hedges, which results in any cash paid or received being recognized ratably as an expense or revenue over the hedged item's life.
6
adjustment to the income statement line items of the economically hedged item. These reclassifications are summarized below in the table titled " 'Core Cash' Derivative Reclassifications."
|
Quarters ended |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
SFAS No. 133 income statement items: | ||||||||||
Derivative market value adjustment included in other income | $ | 117 | $ | 4 | $ | 119 | ||||
Less: Realized derivative adjustments (see " 'Core Cash' Derivative Reclassifications") | (216 | ) | (171 | ) | (234 | ) | ||||
Total net impact of SFAS No. 133 derivative accounting | $ | (99 | ) | $ | (167 | ) | $ | (115 | ) | |
7
"Core Cash" Statements of Income
|
Quarters ended |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
Managed interest income: | ||||||||||
Managed federally insured student loans | $ | 687 | $ | 746 | $ | 644 | ||||
Managed Private Credit Student Loans | 114 | 99 | 99 | |||||||
Academic facilities financings and other loans | 18 | 18 | 20 | |||||||
Investments | 48 | 46 | 29 | |||||||
Total Managed interest income | 867 | 909 | 792 | |||||||
Managed interest expense | 434 | 427 | 419 | |||||||
Net Managed interest income | 433 | 482 | 373 | |||||||
Less: provision for losses | 45 | 26 | 32 | |||||||
Net Managed interest income after provision for losses | 388 | 456 | 341 | |||||||
Other income: | ||||||||||
Guarantor servicing fees | 35 | 27 | 35 | |||||||
Debt management fees | 80 | 69 | 59 | |||||||
Other | 59 | 96 | 53 | |||||||
Total other income | 174 | 192 | 147 | |||||||
Operating expenses | 202 | 248 | 173 | |||||||
Income before income taxes | 360 | 400 | 315 | |||||||
Income taxes | 129 | 115 | 112 | |||||||
"Core cash" net income | 231 | 285 | 203 | |||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||||
"Core cash" net income attributable to common stock | $ | 228 | $ | 282 | $ | 200 | ||||
"Core cash" diluted earnings per common share |
$ |
..51 |
$ |
..62 |
$ |
..43 |
||||
Income tax expense for the quarter ended December 31, 2003 includes the benefit of the favorable resolution of various tax matters.
8
Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to "Core Cash" Net Income
|
Quarters ended |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||||
GAAP net income | $ | 291 | $ | 264 | $ | 417 | |||||
"Core cash" adjustments: | |||||||||||
Net impact of securitization accounting | 11 | 144 | (265 | ) | |||||||
Net impact of Floor Income | 61 | 3 | 37 | ||||||||
Net impact of derivative accounting | (99 | ) | (167 | ) | (115 | ) | |||||
Amortization of acquired intangibles and other | 7 | 9 | 15 | ||||||||
Total "core cash" adjustments before income taxes | (20 | ) | (11 | ) | (328 | ) | |||||
Net tax effect (A) | (40 | ) | 32 | 114 | |||||||
Total "core cash" adjustments |
(60 |
) |
21 |
(214 |
) |
||||||
"Core cash" net income |
$ |
231 |
$ |
285 |
$ |
203 |
|||||
"Core Cash" Derivative Reclassifications
As discussed above, a recent interpretation of SFAS No. 133 requires net settlement income/expense on derivatives and realized gains/losses on derivative dispositions ("realized derivative market value adjustment") that do not qualify as hedges under SFAS No. 133 to be included as realized gains and losses in the derivative market value adjustment on the income statement. For "core cash" reporting purposes we have reclassified these payments from the derivative market value adjustment to the income statement line items of the economically hedged item.
|
Quarters ended |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||||
Reclassification of realized derivative market value adjustments: | |||||||||||
Payments on Floor Income Contracts reclassified to on-balance sheet student loan income | $ | (109 | ) | $ | (99 | ) | $ | (118 | ) | ||
Payments on Floor Income Contracts reclassified to off-balance sheet student loan income | (58 | ) | (58 | ) | (36 | ) | |||||
Net settlements on interest rate swaps reclassified to on-balance sheet interest expense | 12 | 10 | 12 | ||||||||
Net settlements on interest rate swaps reclassified to off-balance sheet interest expense | (13 | ) | (16 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||
Realized gain/loss on closed Eurodollar futures contracts and terminated derivative contracts | (48 | ) | (8 | ) | (77 | ) | |||||
Total reclassifications of derivative net settlements | $ | (216 | ) | $ | (171 | ) | $ | (234 | ) | ||
9
"Core Cash" Student Loan Spread
The following table analyzes the reported earnings from our portfolio of Managed student loans, which includes loans both on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet in securitization trusts and excludes Floor Income.
|
Quarters ended |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
"Core cash" student loan yields | 4.15 | % | 4.15 | % | 4.44 | % | ||||
Consolidation Loan Rebate Fees | (.40 | ) | (.38 | ) | (.34 | ) | ||||
Offset Fees | (.03 | ) | (.03 | ) | (.04 | ) | ||||
Borrower benefits | (.08 | ) | .11 | (.11 | ) | |||||
Premium and origination fee amortization | (.09 | ) | | (.16 | ) | |||||
"Core cash" student loan net yield | 3.55 | 3.85 | 3.79 | |||||||
"Core cash" student loan cost of funds | (1.64 | ) | (1.64 | ) | (1.86 | ) | ||||
"Core cash" student loan spread | 1.91 | % | 2.21 | % | 1.93 | % | ||||
Average Balances |
||||||||||
On-balance sheet student loans | $ | 52,892 | $ | 47,305 | $ | 44,159 | ||||
Off-balance sheet student loans | 37,786 | 39,908 | 35,228 | |||||||
Managed student loans | $ | 90,678 | $ | 87,213 | $ | 79,387 | ||||
Student Loan Spread Analysis
The decrease in the first quarter of 2004 student loan spread versus the prior quarter is primarily due to the changes in estimates in the fourth quarter of 2003 discussed below. Exclusive of these fourth quarter 2003 changes in estimates, the first quarter spread was negatively impacted by higher spreads on our debt funding student loans and the increase in the average balance of Consolidation Loans as a percentage of the Managed portfolio. The increase in the spread to the index on our debt is due to the replacement of lower cost GSE funding with non-GSE funding in connection with the GSE Wind-Down. GSE debt generally has lower credit spreads than non-GSE funding sources and our non-GSE liabilities are significantly longer in duration than our GSE liabilities. Also, we use higher cost, longer-term debt to fund Consolidation Loans.
Consolidation Loans have lower spreads than other FFELP loans due to the 105 basis point Consolidation Loan Rebate Fee. The negative effect of this fee is partially offset by the absence of the 30 basis point Offset Fee on GSE student loans, higher SAP yield and lower student loan premium amortization discussed below. As long as interest rates remain at historically low levels and absent a program change in the next HEA reauthorization, we expect Consolidation Loans to be actively marketed by the student loan industry and remain an attractive refinancing option for borrowers, resulting in Consolidation Loans representing an increasing percentage of our federally guaranteed student loan portfolio.
These negatives were offset by the increase in the average balance of Managed Private Credit Student Loans as a percentage of the average Managed student loan portfolio from 8 percent in the first quarter 2003 to 10 percent in the first quarter 2004, by higher amortization of upfront premiums received on Floor Income Contracts, and by changes in premium amortization estimates from Consolidation Loan activity in the first quarter of 2004. Private Credit Student Loans are subject to credit risk and therefore earn higher spreads which averaged 4.50 percent in the first quarter of 2004 before an estimate adjustment that extended the term of the loans and lowered discount amortization as discussed below for the Managed Private Credit Student Loan portfolio versus a spread of
10
1.54 percent for the Managed guaranteed student loan portfolio before Floor Income and estimate adjustments. The increase in the amortization of the upfront premiums was due to the increase in Floor Income Contracts outstanding. There were also lower borrower benefits in the first quarter 2004 due to the reduction in our estimate of the number of borrowers who qualify for the benefit.
Under SFAS No. 91 "Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases," when actual Consolidation Loan activity differs from predicted results we must adjust the premium balance from inception to reflect the new term of the loan portfolio. In the first quarter of 2004, the pace of Consolidation Loan activity was higher than predicted resulting in lower than expected premium amortization. Additionally, the overall longer amortization terms from Consolidation Loans decreased the first quarter 2004 premium amortization as the average balance of Consolidation Loans grew as a percentage of the average Managed FFELP student loan portfolio from 36 percent in the first quarter of 2003 to 44 percent in first quarter of 2004. Additionally, based on further analysis of student loans in our trust portfolios, and Private Credit Student Loans, we increased the term for amortizing premiums and discounts related to those loans. The net effect of these items lowered premium amortization expense by $16 million.
Estimates of Premium and Origination Fee Amortization and Borrower Benefits
When we consolidate an on-balance sheet FFELP Stafford loan, the term of the loan is extended and the amortization of the premium is likewise extended to match the new term of the loan. Conversely, if an on-balance sheet FFELP Stafford student loan consolidates with another lender, it is treated as a prepayment. We calculate a Constant Prepayment Rate ("CPR") to estimate the effect of term extensions and prepayments on the average life of the student loan portfolio, which is then used to calculate premium amortization.
In the fourth quarter of 2003, we updated our estimate of the CPR to reflect the effect of the high rate of Consolidation Loan activity on estimates for capitalizing and amortizing student loan premiums and discounts under SFAS No. 91. In response to the increase in Consolidation Loan activity, we decreased the CPR for FFELP Stafford loans to reflect the extension of the term of these loans when consolidated, which increased the unamortized student loan premium and decreased premium amortization. At the same time, we increased the CPR for the Consolidation Loan portfolio, which had the opposite effect on the premium balance and premium amortization. The net effect of this activity was a $51 million estimate adjustment in the fourth quarter of 2003 to increase the unamortized student loan premium and reduce current period amortization expense for the Managed portfolio.
In the fourth quarter of 2003, we also projected that our Private Credit Student Loan portfolio is amortizing slower than previously anticipated and we therefore increased the average term of Private Credit Student Loans in connection with the calculation of the amortization of the student loan discount. This resulted in a $23 million estimate adjustment to increase the balance of the unamortized student loan discount and to decrease current period discount amortization.
The net effect of these estimate updates was a decrease in premium amortization of $28 million or a 13 basis point increase in the fourth quarter of 2003 student loan spread.
The $51 million fourth quarter 2003 increase in the Managed student loan premium from Consolidation Loan activity versus the $19 million decrease in the on-balance sheet premium was primarily due to Consolidation Loans constituting 59 percent of the average on-balance sheet FFELP portfolio versus 42 percent of the average Managed portfolio. Plus, the portfolio of FFELP Stafford loans on-balance sheet includes a greater percentage of newly acquired loans that have had little amortization and, as a result, any adjustment to reflect changes in estimates would be much less if all other factors remained equal.
11
Consolidation Loan activity also affects the effective interest calculation of our borrower benefits programs. When a student loan consolidates, the borrower is no longer eligible for the FFELP Stafford borrower benefit, but is eligible for a lower Consolidation Loan benefit. Based on higher projected rates of consolidation, we reduced our fourth quarter 2003 estimate of the number of borrowers who eventually qualify for FFELP Stafford borrower benefits. This change in estimate resulted in a $39 million estimate adjustment in the fourth quarter of 2003 to reduce the estimated borrower benefit liability and increase student loan income.
Allowance for Private Credit Student Loan LossesManaged Basis
The allowance for Private Credit Student Loan losses is an estimate of losses in the portfolio at the balance sheet date that will be charged off in subsequent periods. We estimate our losses using historical data from our Private Credit Student Loan portfolios, extrapolations of FFELP loan loss data, current trends and relevant industry information. As our Private Credit Student Loan portfolios continue to mature, more reliance is placed on our own historic Private Credit Student Loan charge-off and recovery data. Accordingly, during the fourth quarter of 2003, we revised our expected default assumptions to further align the allowance estimate with our collection experience and the terms and policies of the individual Private Credit Student Loan programs. We use this data in internally developed models to estimate the amount of losses, net of subsequent collections, projected to occur in the Private Credit Student Loan portfolios.
12
An analysis of our Managed allowance for loan losses for Private Credit Student Loans for the quarters ended March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003, and March 31, 2003 is presented in the following table.
|
Quarters ended |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||||
Managed Private Credit allowance balance at beginning of period | $ | 259 | $ | 252 | $ | 194 | |||||
Provision for Managed Private Credit Student Loan losses | 37 | 29 | 32 | ||||||||
Other | | | 7 | ||||||||
Charge-offs: | |||||||||||
Managed Private Credit Student Loans | (26 | ) | (25 | ) | (17 | ) | |||||
Managed Private Credit recoveries | 2 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||
Total charge-offs, net of recoveries | (24 | ) | (22 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||
Managed Private Credit allowance balance at end of period | $ | 272 | $ | 259 | $ | 218 | |||||
Net Managed Private Credit charge-offs as a percentage of average Managed Private Credit Student Loans (annualized) | 1.03 | % | 1.06 | % | .94 | % | |||||
Net Managed Private Credit charge-offs as a percentage of average Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment (annualized) | 2.16 | % | 2.20 | % | 1.78 | % | |||||
Managed Private Credit allowance as a percentage of average Managed Private Credit Student Loans | 2.98 | % | 3.12 | % | 3.44 | % | |||||
Managed Private Credit allowance as a percentage of the ending balance of Managed Private Credit Student Loans | 2.90 | % | 3.02 | % | 3.24 | % | |||||
Managed Private Credit allowance as a percentage of Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment | 6.16 | % | 5.98 | % | 6.39 | % | |||||
Average balance of Managed Private Credit Student Loans | $ | 9,142 | $ | 8,292 | $ | 6,323 | |||||
Ending balance of Managed Private Credit Student Loans | $ | 9,408 | $ | 8,563 | $ | 6,716 | |||||
Average balance of Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment | $ | 4,376 | $ | 4,007 | $ | 3,354 | |||||
Ending balance of Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment | $ | 4,422 | $ | 4,329 | $ | 3,410 |
The increase in the Managed provision for Private Credit Student Loans for the first quarter of 2004 versus the prior quarter is mainly due to the increase of Private Credit Loans entering repayment and to the revision of our default assumptions in the fourth quarter of 2003.
DelinquenciesManaged Basis
The table below shows our Private Credit Student Loan delinquency trends at March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003, and March 31, 2003 on a Managed Basis. Delinquencies have the potential to adversely impact earnings if the account charges off and results in increased servicing and collection costs.
Loans in forbearance status increased from 10 percent of loans in repayment and forbearance status at December 31, 2003 to 12 percent of loans in repayment and forbearance status at March 31, 2004. The increase is primarily due to seasonality. Borrowers graduating in the spring of 2003 are in the early stages of loan repayment which is the time borrowers are most likely to request a temporary forbearance. The ratio at March 31, 2003 was 11 percent. The increase over the year ago period is due to a temporary spike in forbearances granted on career training loans during a loan system conversion. The career training ratio has been gradually declining but is not yet back down to the March 31, 2003
13
level. For all other categories of Private Credit Student Loans, the forbearance ratio decreased when compared to March 31, 2003.
|
March 31, 2004 |
December 31, 2003 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Balance |
% |
Balance |
% |
Balance |
% |
|||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1) | $ | 4,386 | $ | 3,752 | $ | 2,892 | |||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) | 600 | 482 | 414 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: | |||||||||||||||||
Loans current | 4,090 | 92 | % | 3,980 | 92 | % | 3,118 | 91 | % | ||||||||
Loans delinquent 30-59 days(3) | 126 | 3 | 151 | 3 | 136 | 4 | |||||||||||
Loans delinquent 60-89 days | 82 | 2 | 75 | 2 | 72 | 2 | |||||||||||
Loans delinquent 90 days or greater | 124 | 3 | 123 | 3 | 84 | 3 | |||||||||||
Total Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment | 4,422 | 100 | % | 4,329 | 100 | % | 3,410 | 100 | % | ||||||||
Total Managed Private Credit Student Loans | 9,408 | 8,563 | 6,716 | ||||||||||||||
Managed Private Credit Student Loan allowance for losses | (272 | ) | (259 | ) | (218 | ) | |||||||||||
Managed Private Credit Student Loans, net | $ | 9,136 | $ | 8,304 | $ | 6,498 | |||||||||||
Percentage of Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment | 47 | % | 51 | % | 51 | % | |||||||||||
Delinquencies as a percentage of Managed Private Credit Student Loans in repayment | 8 | % | 8 | % | 9 | % | |||||||||||
"Core Cash" Operating Expenses
First quarter operating expenses were $202 million versus $173 million in the year-ago quarter and $248 million in the fourth quarter of 2003. The decrease in operating expenses versus the prior quarter was primarily due to a $40 million contribution to the Sallie Mae Fund in the fourth quarter of 2003 and to seasonal factors. The increase in operating expenses versus the year-ago quarter can mainly be attributed to an increase in operating expenses related to the acquisition of Academic Management Services Corp. in the fourth quarter of 2003, an increase in mortgage operating expenses due to the acquisition of Pioneer Mortgage in the second quarter of 2003, increased servicing and debt management expenses consistent with the growth in borrowers and the growth in the debt management business, and the write-off of capitalized software. In addition, in the first quarter of 2003, we recognized $9 million for servicing adjustments related to an under-billing error. Student loan servicing expenses as a percentage of the average balance of student loans serviced was .15 percent and .16 percent for the quarters ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
14